At the moment I'm thinking of a real analog PLL to recover the
original clock and use it to clock a shift register.
BTW, a system that just syncs to the data stream is NOT a PLL. A PLL
would be able to adjust the clock (i.e. when reading a disk which was
written on a 320rpm drive on a 280 rpm drive it would sample at
220kHz). The Disk ][ controller doesn't do that (no floppy disk
controller does!), and it's not really needed. A real PLL just
provides more margin which might be useful in tricky situations (like
copying copy-protected disks).