Don Bruder wrote:
In article <41c6d676$0$8343$db0fefd9@news.zen.co.uk>, Alistair Ross <removemeajross@atxboltdot.net> wrote:Michael J. Mahon wrote:Charles Richmond wrote:I have _ 6502 Assembly Language Subroutines_ and I think it sucks...I agree. Many "library"-type books for specific processors seem to be hack translations of libraries originally written for another processor. Generic libraries must assume some canonical method of passing parameters, which generally is a crock. Further, the specific programming tricks for a certain machine are often completely neglected--exactly the kinds of things that any budding assembly language programmer needs to become familiar with. As soon as you have your "sea legs" with a particular processor, you should try to find some well-written code for it that will teach you some ways to organize data and write good code. For the 6502, the Apple II monitor is quite instructive to read.The Applesoft interpreter is very uneven, with some clever code but lots of silly code. It has the look of something doneby a committee. ;-( But even in that case, the _bugs_ are interesting! ;-) -michaelThanks for all your help on this one guys,I downloaded the S-C Macro Assembler and I'm having good success so far, after reading through most of the manual.I've downloaded various other assembly tutorials and skimmed over them, but what I appear to be lacking is the actual Apple hooks - the locations in memory that I should be using to get the speaker to operate, or text to appear on the screen, for graphics to be used etc. I can't seem to find anything that says - these are the addresses of the hooks (and even better, this is how you would use them).Anybody know where Apple II hooks are listed? I've found a few lists of what look like hooks but they are all for PEEK and POKE, so not much use to me in an assembler.What you need now are the Apple references - The monitor ROM listing, plus the docs on the softswitches and such that live at $C000-CFFF. "The Apple II reference manual" would be a prime item for you to be looking for.
I have the original "Red Book" - Apple II Reference Manual 1978, and thanks to Craig Bower I now have the slightly more modern version of it in JPEG format. However, Although I appreciate that the Monitor code listing and other various parts of machine code listings which reside in it are useful from a 'stand back and go -- oooh so that's what that does" point of view - it doesn't give me what I need - a complete listing of all the things that make the Apple II the Apple II - I need a list of the things like $FDED = print stuff on the screen. There are a few minimal pages which 'help you start' in the reference guide, but not an exhaustive list. As for the softswitches that you refer to, I don't know what they are, and I can't find them in either copy of the reference manual, am I missing something?
Kindest Regards, Alistair Ross